Associations between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon–Related Exposures andp53Mutations in Breast Tumors

Associations between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon–Related Exposures and p53 Mutations in Breast Tumors

BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may be associated with breast cancer. However, the carcinogenicity of PAHs on the human breast remains unclear. Certain carcinogens may be associated with specific mutation patterns in the p53 tumor suppressor gene, thereby contributing information about disease etiology. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that as...

Some non-heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and some related exposures.

Monitoring human occupational and environmental exposures to polycyclic aromatic compounds.

Many research groups have been carrying out studies to develop biomarkers of exposure to polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and apply these for human biomonitoring. The main objectives of the use of biomarkers are to determine specific occupational and environmental exposures to monitor the effectiveness of exposure controls and prediction of the risk of disease. This article presents a revie...

Biodegradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Petroleum Contaminated Soils

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a class of potentially hazardous chemicals of environmental and health concern. PAHs are one of the most prevalent groups of contaminants found in soil. Biodegradation of complex hydrocarbon usually requires the cooperation of more than single specie. In this research biotreatment of PAH (phenanthrene) was studied in a solid-phase reactor using indigenou...

Measuring Associations Between Exposures and Outcomes

Epidemiologists are often interested in assessing the presence of associations expressed by differences in disease frequency. Measures of association can be based on either absolute differences between measures of disease frequency in groups being compared (e.g., exposed versus unexposed) or relative differences or ratios (Table 3–1). Measures based on absolute differences are often preferred w...